YKL-40 is a glycoprotein encoded by the CHI3L1 gene and is thought to play a role in inflammation and tissue remodeling. YKL-40 is involved in the local disease activity and pathophysiological process of osteoarthritis (OA), and is also an important molecule in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). YKL-40 is a potential biomarker for OA and RA, Creative BioMart Biomarker offers high quality detection service for YKL-40, ensuring high detection accuracy, sensitivity and efficiency for each sample.
Introduction
YKL-40, also known as Chitinase-3-like protein 1 or human cartilage glycoprotein 39, is one of 18 glycosyl hydrolases and belongs to mammalian chitinase-like proteins, which contain a polypeptide chain of 383 amino acids. The crystal structure of human YKL-40 shows two globular domains, forming a groove corresponding to the active site of the protein. The name YKL-40 is derived from the single-letter code of its molecular weight (40kda) and its three N-terminal amino acids, which are Y (tyrosine), K (lysine) and L (leucine). YKL-40 can be secreted and released by several different types of cells in joint tissues, including macrophages, articular chondrocytes and synovial cells. YKL-40 may act as a lectin and exert a tissue remodeling function in tissues including articular cartilage. YKL-40 is a differentiation marker in chondrocytes and a major cellular protein in synovial cells, which can assist ECM self-repair during OA progression. YKL-40 inhibits the response of chondrocytes and synoviocytes to the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1, thereby reducing the production of chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Chemokines and MMPs play a key role in ECM destruction, that is, YKL-40 has a protective effect in the inflammatory environment, which limits the degradation of ECM and thus controls tissue damage. The expression level of YKL-40 is lower in normal human cartilage, but increased in both inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases, so YKL-40 may be a biomarker for cartilage turnover and synovitis. In addition, serum YKL-40 levels were significantly increased in patients with RA and OA, while YKL-40 levels were reduced in patients receiving disease treatment. At the same time, YKL-40 levels are associated with systemic inflammatory markers such as CRP, SAA and ESR. Therefore, YKL-40 may not only participate in the pathophysiological process of osteoarthritis, but also may reflect the local disease activity of joint cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation, and it is a useful biomarker for OA and RA.
Figure 1. Surface representation of the structures of native YKL-40 (a) and of YKL-40 in complex with chito-oligosaccharide (Fusetti, et al. 2003)
Application of YKL-40 Detection
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Serum and plasma YKL-40 levels as biomarkers to predict bone diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Our Advantages
- Guarantee high accuracy and sensitivity for YKL-40 detection
- Ensure high repeatability of YKL-40 detection
- Short turn-around time of detection service
- Competitive price in the market of detection services
- Accept a wide range of sample types (serum, plasma, etc.)
Detection Technologies
Workflow of YKL-40 Detection at Creative BioMart Biomarker
Creative BioMart Biomarker strictly controls each specific experimental step in the YKL-40 detection procedure to ensure accurately quantify the level of YKL-40 in each sample.
At Creative BioMart Biomarker, we not only provide high-quality YKL-40 detection service, but also provide detection services for other biomarkers. You can communicate with our experts according to your research needs, and we will determine the final detection technological scheme based on the communication results. Please feel free to contact us, Creative BioMart Biomarker is here to offer you professional and thoughtful service.
References:
- Fusetti, F.; et al. Crystal structure and carbohydrate-binding properties of the human cartilage glycoprotein-39. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003, 278(39): 37753-37760.
- Huang, K.; Wu, L. YKL-40: a potential biomarker for osteoarthritis. Journal of International Medical Research. 2009, 37(1): 18-24.
- Ehlers, M.R.; Leary, E.T. Biochemical markers of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: clinical utility and practical considerations. Reid, D.M.; Miller, C.G. (Eds.), Clinical Trials in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis (pp. 151-169). London: Springer-Verlag London Limited.
